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Ottimizzazione dei Costi della Logistica Internazionale: Consulenza Professionale da Dafey Logistics
Creato il 09.15
Introduction: Why Your China–USA Freight Bill Is Higher Than You Think
If you’ve been shipping goods across the Pacific lately, you’ve probably felt it — freight rates that swing like the stock market. One week, the shipping cost from China to USA for a 40ft container sits comfortably at $4,000. Two months later, you’re staring at a quote for $8,200 and wondering if someone’s playing a prank.
我在物流行业工作了足够长的时间，知道“市场波动”不仅仅是经济学家的术语；它是进口商每天面临的现实。在港口拥堵、燃油附加费、海关延误和季节性高峰之间，从中国到美国的运输总成本可能会相差数千美元。
好消息？有实用的、内部支持的方法可以降低这个数字——而不牺牲可能危及您的交付时间表或产品质量的任何环节。今天，我将分享我们在Dafey Logistics使用的策略，以帮助客户控制他们从中国到美国的货运成本。
1. 了解运输成本的真实细目
在您能够降低从中国到美国的国际运输费用之前，您需要了解账单中实际包含的内容。
Typical components include:
- Base freight rate – either sea freight cost 中国到美国 or air freight cost 中国到美国, depending on your choice.
- Bunker Adjustment Factor (BAF) – 与燃料相关的费用，可能会在一夜之间上涨。
- Terminal Handling Charges (THC) – port fees at both origin and destination.
- Customs duties and taxes – which vary by product category.
- Additional services – door-to-door delivery, customs clearance cost from China to USA, insurance, and storage fees.
When I audit client invoices, I often find “hidden” charges — like unnecessary demurrage fees because a container sat at the port two extra days. Eliminating those can save thousands per year.
2. 海运与空运：主要选择
我们都知道基本的想法：船更便宜但更慢，而飞机更快但成本更高。但是当你实际上做出决定时，通常是关于你需要多快与你想要花多少钱之间的权衡。
像是，在2024年初，从中国到美国的小型电子产品的空运费用大约是每公斤5.50美元。海运一个大集装箱的费用大约是4200美元。但问题是：当你加上额外费用、仓储成本，以及可能错过重要的销售日期时，那种便宜的海运选择可能并没有想象中那么便宜。
Sometimes, we tell people to split their orders. Send some by plane to get it there fast for what you need right away, and send the rest by boat to save money.
3. FCL与LCL：进行计算，不要猜测
整箱货（FCL）与拼箱货（LCL）不仅仅是关于货物的大小；还涉及每立方米的成本。
在2023年底，从中国到美国的LCL运输费用约为每立方米35至45美元。一个完整的40英尺集装箱约为5000美元。如果您运输约28至29立方米，FCL通常是更划算的选择。此外，您不必担心由于其他人的文书错误而导致的LCL延误。
4. Insider Strategies to Reduce Freight Costs
Here’s where we go beyond the usual “book early” advice and into real, on-the-ground tactics we’ve used with clients.
a) Choose Your Port Wisely
The difference between shipping to Los Angeles vs Oakland can be more than $500 per container. East Coast ports (like Savannah or New York) often mean higher ocean freight but lower inland trucking for East Coast distribution.
在Dafey，我们为客户运行一个港口成本矩阵——考虑到海洋运费和国内运输——然后再推荐最终路线。
b) 利用非高峰期和回程机会
当中国的工厂因假期放慢生产时，船只带着更少的货物返回亚洲。如果你合理规划，这些回程可能意味着从中国到美国的运输成本更低。
For example, we saved a client 18% on a 40ft container from China to the USA by shipping when a carrier had empty space in February.
c) 从不同地点发货到不同地点
如果您的供应商分布在不同地方——比如在深圳、宁波和青岛——那么从一个港口发货可能不是最佳选择。我们通过从不同港口发货为服装客户节省了费用。这减少了在中国境内的运输，并充分利用了海洋航线。
d) 获取年度运输优惠
现货价格在低价时看起来不错，但如果您经常发货，年度合同可以在繁忙时节为您节省现金。在2022年，与Dafey签订合同的客户在假日高峰期间支付的费用比那些选择现货的客户少了22%。
e) 海外仓储以提高税务效率
使用海外仓库确实可以帮助电子商务卖家，尤其是那些做亚马逊FBA的卖家。它让你可以将货物进行分组发货，并使通关变得更容易。有时，它甚至允许你从中国以DDP方式发货到美国，在那里你可以提前支付关税和税费。这使得交付更简单，并让你的客户更满意。
5. 海关与关税：一个你不能忘记的成本
我注意到许多进口商花费大量时间考虑运费，但他们对美国海关关税和进口税的关注却不够。这些费用可能会累积，有时会使您货物的最终成本增加5%–20%。
Here are some ways to handle this:
- Check Your HS Code: 如果您的商品被放在错误的类别中，您可能会支付比应支付的关税更多。
- 查看您是否符合免费贸易协议的资格：目前，美国和中国没有自由贸易协议。但不用担心，如果某些商品符合特定贸易项目的要求，您仍然可能在关税上获得优惠。
- Importer of Record (IOR) 服务：如果您是一家小公司并且在美国没有设立业务，IOR 服务可以帮助您。
6. 如何为亚马逊卖家降低运输成本
Back in the middle of 2023, we helped a home décor seller who was shipping stuff from Guangzhou to Amazon's warehouses in California. They were paying around $6.20 per kg to ship by air from China to the USA, which was eating into their profits too much.
What we did:
- We switched them from sending everything by air to a mix of sea and air travel
- 我们将他们所有不同的产品放入一个大型40英尺集装箱中，以进行整箱运输。
- 我们使用了DDP服务
The Result: Their total landed cost went down by 27%, and the delivery time only went up by about four days.
7. 2025年中美运输成本的预期
A few things could change how much it costs to ship stuff between China and the USA:
- Fuel costs: Gas prices are always up and down, and that affects fuel surcharges.
- Port upgrades: New tech at ports might cut down on handling fees.
- Going green: 新的污染规则可能意味着航运公司需要使用更清洁的船只，这可能会暂时提高价格，但从长远来看可能会节省资金。
8. 绿色物流作为竞争优势
Cutting costs isn't just about saving money now; it's also about making sure your supply chain is ready for the future. More and more, customers want to know about your carbon footprint, and shipping companies are offering greener choices.
通过将货物运输进行分组并选择最直接的路径，我们能够为客户降低成本和碳排放。有时，环保甚至帮助人们与关心可持续发展的商店达成交易。
Conclusion: 降低运输成本并不是一次性解决方案。
为了节省从中国到美国的运输费用，您需要一个好的计划、聪明的路线、顺利的海关，并与您的承运人保持沟通以获得更好的交易。
在Dafey物流，我们团队合作以降低您的费用。我们检查您的货物移动情况，发现问题，并制定一个平衡价格、速度和准时送达的计划。
准备好掌握您的运输成本并停止浪费金钱了吗？Get in touch with Dafey Logistics today, and we can plan your next shipment to save you as much as possible.
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